New regulations aimed at protecting the sensitive Arctic region are set to come into effect on July 1, 2024. The International Maritime Organization (IMO) has amended MARPOL Annex I to introduce a new regulation (43A) prohibiting the use and carriage of Heavy Fuel Oil (HFO) by ships operating in Arctic waters.
This move represents a significant step towards reducing the risk of oil spills in the Arctic, particularly vulnerable due to harsh weather conditions and slow response times for oil spill interventions.
Which Fuels Are Banned?
Under the new regulation, the following fuels will no longer be permitted in Arctic waters:
- Crude oils with a density exceeding 900 kg/m³ at 15°C
- Oils other than crude with a density exceeding 900 kg/m³ at 15°C or a kinematic viscosity exceeding 180 mm²/s at 50°C
- Bitumen, tar, and their emulsions
Exceptions and Waivers
There are some exceptions to the HFO ban. It applies to vessels:
- Used for ensuring the safety of other ships
- Engaged in search and rescue operations
- Designated for oil spill preparedness and response
These vessels are exempt from the regulation.
Additionally, Arctic coastal states may grant temporary waivers until July 1, 2029, for ships flying their flag. However, after this date, all ships operating in Arctic waters must comply with the HFO ban.
Ships complying with MARPOL Annex I Regulation 12A (Protection of Oil Fuel Tanks) or Polar Code Chapter II-A Part 1 will also be subject to the new regulation as of July 1, 2029.
Impact and Importance
The HFO ban is a crucial step towards a cleaner Arctic. HFO is a heavy and viscous fuel that can be difficult to clean up in the event of a marine pollution incident, posing a significant threat to marine life and the fragile Arctic ecosystem. By eliminating HFO use, IMO aims to minimize the risk of catastrophic oil spills and protect the unique biological diversity of the Arctic region.
What Should Be Done Now?
Ship owners and operators planning voyages in Arctic waters after July 1, 2024, must ensure their vessels comply with the new regulations. This may involve transitioning to cleaner-burning fuels such as Marine Gas Oil (MGO) or Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG).
Being informed about these legislative changes is crucial for safe and compliant operations in Arctic waters. Consulting classification societies, flag states, or specialized advisory firms can assist in ensuring vessels meet the new requirements.
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Source: RESOLUTION MEPC.329(76)
